Table 1. Rainfall
amounts and type for 1994 and 1995.
| Precipitation |
| 1994 |
1995 |
| DAT |
Amount |
DAT |
Amount |
|
mm |
|
mm |
| 1 |
51* |
2 |
48* |
| 2 |
15 |
16 |
23 |
| 13 |
51 |
30 |
41* |
| 22 |
23 |
45 |
33 |
| 23 |
20 |
47 |
25 |
| 26 |
70 |
105 |
66 |
| 28 |
13 |
107 |
50 |
| 40 |
6 |
|
|
| 42 |
33 |
|
|
| 49 |
32* |
|
|
| 55 |
39 |
|
|
| 56 |
24 |
|
|
| 58 |
11 |
|
|
| 83 |
29 |
|
|
| 93 |
64 |
|
|
| 110 |
32 |
|
|
| 123 |
27 |
|
|
| Total |
542 |
|
287 |
*Denotes a simulated
precipitation event.
Table 2. Effect of filter strip width on total runoff, sediment,
and herbicide loss1.
| Filter
strip |
|
Sediment |
Herbicide
loss |
| width |
Runoff2 |
loss |
Fluometuron |
Norflurazon |
| m |
kL/ha |
kg/ha |
-----%
of applied----- |
|
none |
1,170a |
1,660a |
9.8a |
8.6a |
|
0.5 |
780a |
960b |
4.5b |
4.2b |
|
1.0 |
1,100a |
990b |
5.6b |
4.4b |
1Means
are average over years.
2Means within a column followed by the same letter are not different
as determined by Fisher's protected LSD at P<0.05.
Table 3. Filter strip effectiveness in reducing fluometuron and norflurazon
concentrations in runoff following simulated precipitation in 1994 and
1995.1
|
|
Filter
strip |
|
|
| Year |
DAT |
width |
Fluometuron2 |
Norfluazon2 |
|
|
m |
---------------
µg/L --------------- |
| 1994 |
1 |
0 |
730a |
590a |
|
|
0.5 |
420b |
520a |
|
|
1.0 |
320b |
280b |
|
| 1994 |
49 |
0 |
43a |
86a |
|
|
0.5 |
34ab |
92a |
|
|
1.0 |
32b |
50b |
|
| 1995 |
2 |
0 |
550a |
380a |
|
|
0.5 |
510a |
320a |
|
|
1.0 |
320b |
180b |
|
| 1995 |
30 |
0 |
37a |
57a |
|
|
0.5 |
31ab |
58a |
|
|
1.0 |
20b |
34b |
1Concentrations are averaged over sampling intervals within
runoff events.
2Means within columns and followed by the same letter
are not different according to Fisher's protected LSD at P<0.05.
Table 4. Regression parameters describing the effect of filter
strip width on fluometuron and norflurazon concentrations in runoff following
initial and early-season simulated events in 1994 and 1995.
|
Year |
DAT |
Intercept |
Slope |
R2 |
Prob.>F |
|
Fluometuron |
|
|
1994 |
1 |
774 |
-477 |
.46 |
** |
|
1994 |
49 |
42 |
-3 |
--- |
ns |
|
1995 |
2 |
591 |
-266 |
.40 |
** |
|
1995 |
30 |
38 |
-18 |
.22 |
* |
|
|
Norflurazon |
|
|
1994 |
1 |
610 |
-315 |
.64 |
** |
|
1994 |
49 |
90 |
-35 |
.31 |
** |
|
1995 |
2 |
399 |
-210 |
.52 |
** |
|
1995 |
30 |
60 |
-24 |
.37 |
** |
وو *Significant
at the 0.001 level.
**Significant at the 0.0001 level.
ns=no significant effect.
|